In order to solve the problem of meter reading mentioned above, metering meters used by users should be able to measure the flow of water. At the same time, they can record and analyze the flow of water, control the valve according to the amount of water and payment information, and decide whether the user can continue to use water. So metering water meters must have intelligent controls, so we call them smart water meters.
Smart base table structure improvements 1. Valve Design Valves are key components of smart water meters, requiring low pressure loss, small size, and low power consumption. The pressure loss must meet the requirement of ≤ 0.1Mpa as stipulated in China's urban construction industry standard CJ/T133-2001 "IC Card Cold Water Meter", and the smart water meter can only be powered by batteries and requires long-term stable operation. If the power consumption is large, only large-capacity batteries can be used, which not only increases the cost, but also increases the size of the smart meter. Moreover, the instantaneous power supply capability of the battery is limited, and increasing the battery capacity to a certain degree can not solve the problem. At present, most domestic manufacturers use pilot valves, and some use ceramic valves and ordinary ball valves. The pilot valve is simple to install and has low power consumption, but the pressure loss is generally difficult to meet the industry standards of China's urban construction, and the pilot hole is easily blocked by debris to cause the valve to fail. The ceramic valve must increase the area to achieve the pressure loss, and the power consumption increases as the area increases. Ordinary ball valves are also difficult to use because of their high power consumption. Based on the in-depth research, we have developed a floating ball valve with independent intellectual property rights. Since ball valves are used, the problem of large pressure loss that commonly exists in IC card tables is solved, and because the ball valve used is passed through. With an improved floating structure, the power consumption of the on-off valve is small. The main structural characteristics of this type of ball valve are: no pre-tightening force on the ball valve, the pressure is transferred to the PTFE valve pad, so as to achieve the purpose of not only ensuring sealing but also easily opening and closing the valve. After testing, our ball valve under the water pressure of 2Mpa, its maximum torque will not exceed 10kg · cm. In the normal water pressure of 0.2 ~ 0.5Mpa, the current of the switch valve is less than 100mA.
2. The application of pulse sampling technology Currently, the IC card water meter commonly uses the sending device of the reed switch and the magnetic steel. It is easy to send signals by mistake and is vulnerable to the external magnetic field. We have developed a light trigger force micro switch and the cam The signal device, which has undergone nearly 200,000 tests, has not had one error or no signal, and it has not affected the error performance of the water meter. Therefore, it is a new type of signal transmission device that does not mistakenly send signals and prevent external magnetic field interference.
3. Exquisite shape design Currently, most IC card water meters use the water meter base watch plus circuit control valve split connection structure, as long as the water meter base table is equipped with a signaling device and then connected with a separately manufactured valve using a threaded connection, it constitutes the IC card Water meter, the manufacturing process is simple. The disadvantage is that due to the split connection, the connecting part is also threaded, and when the water meter is installed, the threaded connection is generally adopted. Therefore, if the improper operation during installation, the separated IC card water meter is liable to loosen at the joint. Leakage has affected the normal use of IC card water meters. Furthermore, due to the use of threaded connections, the difficulty arises in the split connection in that both the threads must be tightened and the direction of the connecting parts must be the same (eg the dial of the water meter and the electromagnet of the valve are facing upwards). This creates a manufacturing process problem. There is also a problem with the length of the entire watch. These meter valves connected to the IC card are mostly longer than the original mechanical meter with the same caliber. This leads to the problem of replacing the original mechanical water meter with an IC. The card water meter must saw off the water pipe at the original loading table, and re-thread the thread on the sawn off water pipe to install the IC card water meter. This is very troublesome in practical operation, and it is even difficult in some occasions. Therefore, the rectangular IC card water meter can only be used in new houses and has poor interchangeability with other watches (in length), which of course restricts its popularization and application. The intelligent watch IC card is designed as a watch valve body, which is the same as the length of an ordinary mechanical water meter, which completely solves the leakage problem of split connection and the installation specification problem.
Improved smart base table functionality 1. Counting precision water flow through the water meter, the flow meter records and processes a basic unit of flow is called counting accuracy. High precision, difficulty in implementation, high cost, and low accuracy result in inaccurate billing. According to the unit price of water and the settlement habits of the management department, the measurement accuracy is 1/30 cubic meters.
2. Data Accuracy The basic sampling organization adopts the long-term secondary water meter applied by the water supply department. The digitized count should be the same as that of the secondary water meter, and the 100,000 basic pulses should be measured. The two readings are the same.
3. Data security power-off ensures that data is not lost, power-off guarantees that the valve is closed, a watch is a card, and data transmission is encrypted.
4. Table capacity design equivalent to the use of analog base table, the total processing flow of 100,000 cubic meters.
5. Trouble-free use time The verification period set by the current water management department is 3-5 years. Each design should ensure continuous work for more than 6 years without failure. Mainly consider the power supply, single battery power supply, use 2Ah high-energy lithium battery, ensure the normal valve opening under the pressure of 20 kilograms, and ensure the working time of more than 6 years.
6. The operation is designed to make it convenient for the user to use the water meter, design the liquid crystal display interface, display the water usage information, and should have purchased water information, used water consumption information, remaining water amount information, valve status, and battery status. In order to save power, the liquid crystal display is usually turned off and only displayed after the card is inserted. In order to avoid accidents affecting water use, there should be a warning message when the system is not normal. In addition to the LCD display prompts, shutting off the valve is a way to attract the attention of the user. The remaining amount of water is not enough, close the valve prompts, the user can insert the IC card to observe the LCD display to judge the valve status, and the valve opens. The low battery closes the valve prompt. After the user notices, it can insert the IC card to observe the judgment state of the liquid crystal display and the valve is opened.
The choice of IC card At present, the IC card is divided into two types: contact type and non-contact type. The non-contact type card does not need to be connected directly and is easy to use. However, there are large power consumption, not very stable factors, etc. The slot must be designed on the water meter, not as convenient as a contactless card, and the slot is easily damaged. However, in consideration of power consumption and stability, contact cards are still used.
The main types of IC cards are CPU cards, encryption cards, and memory cards. Considering factors such as cost and security, it is recommended to use SLE4442 encryption cards with encryption algorithms to ensure data security.
Management software design 1. The basic function management computer can record the information of each intelligent water meter under jurisdiction, record the user information, correspond the water meter information with the user information, and associate the card with the table. The card can be operated, the water purchase information is written in the card, and the card information can be read out.
2. The statistical function management computer can record and count the water purchasing and water consumption of a single user within a certain period of time. By entering the user's name or ID number, you can query related information. Check the previous 10 purchases and water usage.
On the management computer, statistical analysis can be performed on the status of water use within the entire jurisdiction; maintenance records can be recorded, and the results of each maintenance process can be recorded; alarm statistics can be generated to mark users who have used water for much longer than average water consumption. For management to query analysis.
Administrators log in to record, and administrators perform operations at different levels, enabling multiple management systems to be networked.
3. Software use environment programming language: C++
Application Environment: WINDOWS98,
WINDOWS2000
Minimum requirements for computer configuration: 586 or more CPUs, 32M or more memory, 100M or more hard disks
Smart base table structure improvements 1. Valve Design Valves are key components of smart water meters, requiring low pressure loss, small size, and low power consumption. The pressure loss must meet the requirement of ≤ 0.1Mpa as stipulated in China's urban construction industry standard CJ/T133-2001 "IC Card Cold Water Meter", and the smart water meter can only be powered by batteries and requires long-term stable operation. If the power consumption is large, only large-capacity batteries can be used, which not only increases the cost, but also increases the size of the smart meter. Moreover, the instantaneous power supply capability of the battery is limited, and increasing the battery capacity to a certain degree can not solve the problem. At present, most domestic manufacturers use pilot valves, and some use ceramic valves and ordinary ball valves. The pilot valve is simple to install and has low power consumption, but the pressure loss is generally difficult to meet the industry standards of China's urban construction, and the pilot hole is easily blocked by debris to cause the valve to fail. The ceramic valve must increase the area to achieve the pressure loss, and the power consumption increases as the area increases. Ordinary ball valves are also difficult to use because of their high power consumption. Based on the in-depth research, we have developed a floating ball valve with independent intellectual property rights. Since ball valves are used, the problem of large pressure loss that commonly exists in IC card tables is solved, and because the ball valve used is passed through. With an improved floating structure, the power consumption of the on-off valve is small. The main structural characteristics of this type of ball valve are: no pre-tightening force on the ball valve, the pressure is transferred to the PTFE valve pad, so as to achieve the purpose of not only ensuring sealing but also easily opening and closing the valve. After testing, our ball valve under the water pressure of 2Mpa, its maximum torque will not exceed 10kg · cm. In the normal water pressure of 0.2 ~ 0.5Mpa, the current of the switch valve is less than 100mA.
2. The application of pulse sampling technology Currently, the IC card water meter commonly uses the sending device of the reed switch and the magnetic steel. It is easy to send signals by mistake and is vulnerable to the external magnetic field. We have developed a light trigger force micro switch and the cam The signal device, which has undergone nearly 200,000 tests, has not had one error or no signal, and it has not affected the error performance of the water meter. Therefore, it is a new type of signal transmission device that does not mistakenly send signals and prevent external magnetic field interference.
3. Exquisite shape design Currently, most IC card water meters use the water meter base watch plus circuit control valve split connection structure, as long as the water meter base table is equipped with a signaling device and then connected with a separately manufactured valve using a threaded connection, it constitutes the IC card Water meter, the manufacturing process is simple. The disadvantage is that due to the split connection, the connecting part is also threaded, and when the water meter is installed, the threaded connection is generally adopted. Therefore, if the improper operation during installation, the separated IC card water meter is liable to loosen at the joint. Leakage has affected the normal use of IC card water meters. Furthermore, due to the use of threaded connections, the difficulty arises in the split connection in that both the threads must be tightened and the direction of the connecting parts must be the same (eg the dial of the water meter and the electromagnet of the valve are facing upwards). This creates a manufacturing process problem. There is also a problem with the length of the entire watch. These meter valves connected to the IC card are mostly longer than the original mechanical meter with the same caliber. This leads to the problem of replacing the original mechanical water meter with an IC. The card water meter must saw off the water pipe at the original loading table, and re-thread the thread on the sawn off water pipe to install the IC card water meter. This is very troublesome in practical operation, and it is even difficult in some occasions. Therefore, the rectangular IC card water meter can only be used in new houses and has poor interchangeability with other watches (in length), which of course restricts its popularization and application. The intelligent watch IC card is designed as a watch valve body, which is the same as the length of an ordinary mechanical water meter, which completely solves the leakage problem of split connection and the installation specification problem.
Improved smart base table functionality 1. Counting precision water flow through the water meter, the flow meter records and processes a basic unit of flow is called counting accuracy. High precision, difficulty in implementation, high cost, and low accuracy result in inaccurate billing. According to the unit price of water and the settlement habits of the management department, the measurement accuracy is 1/30 cubic meters.
2. Data Accuracy The basic sampling organization adopts the long-term secondary water meter applied by the water supply department. The digitized count should be the same as that of the secondary water meter, and the 100,000 basic pulses should be measured. The two readings are the same.
3. Data security power-off ensures that data is not lost, power-off guarantees that the valve is closed, a watch is a card, and data transmission is encrypted.
4. Table capacity design equivalent to the use of analog base table, the total processing flow of 100,000 cubic meters.
5. Trouble-free use time The verification period set by the current water management department is 3-5 years. Each design should ensure continuous work for more than 6 years without failure. Mainly consider the power supply, single battery power supply, use 2Ah high-energy lithium battery, ensure the normal valve opening under the pressure of 20 kilograms, and ensure the working time of more than 6 years.
6. The operation is designed to make it convenient for the user to use the water meter, design the liquid crystal display interface, display the water usage information, and should have purchased water information, used water consumption information, remaining water amount information, valve status, and battery status. In order to save power, the liquid crystal display is usually turned off and only displayed after the card is inserted. In order to avoid accidents affecting water use, there should be a warning message when the system is not normal. In addition to the LCD display prompts, shutting off the valve is a way to attract the attention of the user. The remaining amount of water is not enough, close the valve prompts, the user can insert the IC card to observe the LCD display to judge the valve status, and the valve opens. The low battery closes the valve prompt. After the user notices, it can insert the IC card to observe the judgment state of the liquid crystal display and the valve is opened.
The choice of IC card At present, the IC card is divided into two types: contact type and non-contact type. The non-contact type card does not need to be connected directly and is easy to use. However, there are large power consumption, not very stable factors, etc. The slot must be designed on the water meter, not as convenient as a contactless card, and the slot is easily damaged. However, in consideration of power consumption and stability, contact cards are still used.
The main types of IC cards are CPU cards, encryption cards, and memory cards. Considering factors such as cost and security, it is recommended to use SLE4442 encryption cards with encryption algorithms to ensure data security.
Management software design 1. The basic function management computer can record the information of each intelligent water meter under jurisdiction, record the user information, correspond the water meter information with the user information, and associate the card with the table. The card can be operated, the water purchase information is written in the card, and the card information can be read out.
2. The statistical function management computer can record and count the water purchasing and water consumption of a single user within a certain period of time. By entering the user's name or ID number, you can query related information. Check the previous 10 purchases and water usage.
On the management computer, statistical analysis can be performed on the status of water use within the entire jurisdiction; maintenance records can be recorded, and the results of each maintenance process can be recorded; alarm statistics can be generated to mark users who have used water for much longer than average water consumption. For management to query analysis.
Administrators log in to record, and administrators perform operations at different levels, enabling multiple management systems to be networked.
3. Software use environment programming language: C++
Application Environment: WINDOWS98,
WINDOWS2000
Minimum requirements for computer configuration: 586 or more CPUs, 32M or more memory, 100M or more hard disks
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