Extinguishing a fire is the main content of a firefighting job, and a firefighting firefighting car must also become the main combat unit in a firefighting car. Depending on the nature of fire, fire fighting vehicles can be roughly divided into pump fire trucks, water tank fire engines, foam fire engines, dry powder fire engines, gas fire engines, and vortex fire engines.
Pump fire truck
Pump fire trucks, as the earliest type of fire engine, played an important role in today's fire fighting work. The pump fire truck is also the simplest fire truck with the simplest structure. Because there is no water supply for the truck, the pump fire truck can only use the water source near the fire site to extinguish the fire, such as fire hydrants and rivers.
Thanks to the fact that it is not necessary to assemble a water tank, the pump fire truck has a smaller body, a lighter mass, a flexible response, and can quickly reach the fire in the shortest time.
In combination with its advantages, pump fire trucks have a wide range of applications in narrow road cities and townships, and most of the fire command vehicles are served by pump fire engines.
Water tanker fire truck
The tank fire truck can be regarded as an upgraded version of the pump fire truck. The main difference is that the body has a canned water source, which can reduce the fire truck's dependence on the on-site water supply and is suitable for extinguishing the house construction and general solid material fire.
Tank fire trucks can be combined with other types of fire extinguishing equipment to increase their versatility. In addition to self-contained fire extinguishers, tank fire trucks can also provide water for other fire engines and fire extinguishing jets. Sometimes we can even see tank fire trucks carrying water for water shortage areas.
The tank fire truck is currently the largest class of fire engines owned by the fire department. The frequency of fire extinguishing is also the highest. Due to its simple structure and mature technology, each fire truck manufacturer can produce it.
In recent years, water tanker fire trucks have gradually begun to popularize the CAN bus system to achieve intelligent and simple control. In order to improve the efficiency of fire fighting, imported fire pumps and large-diameter water hoses have also become the mainstream trend.
Foam fire truck
Foam fire trucks are based on the transformation of tank fire trucks. Foam tanks and foam proportioner systems are installed on the basis of tank fire trucks. According to the foam mixing ratio and the foam production principle.
Fire trucks can be equipped with foam tanks, air bubble ratio mixers, pressure balance valves, foam liquid pumps, and foam guns. When foam mixing systems are used for fire extinguishing, the ratio of water to foam is generally 97:3 and 96:6, and the mixed liquid is sent to the foam generating device by a water pump.
In recent years, the development of new foam fire extinguishing agents and the improvement of proportional mixers have led to the upgrading of foam fire trucks. The foam fire trucks with larger fire fighting capacity and better performance have played an extremely important role in fighting large fires. effect. At present, the foam fire trucks equipped with CAN bus are mainly gathered on the imported vehicles and can realize the modular management of the control system.
In the future, bubble fire trucks will be more controlled by computer programs to make the ratio of water and foam more accurate so as to achieve better fire-fighting results.
Dry powder fire truck
Dry powder fire trucks, as their name suggests, are fire trucks that use dry powder fire extinguishing agents to accomplish the task of extinguishing fires. Dry powder fire extinguishing agent is driven by inert gas such as nitrogen gas, and fire extinguishing source is sprayed with dry powder or dry powder.
Dry powder fire trucks are mainly used to extinguish fires of flammable liquids, combustible gases, and electrical equipment.
At present, the loading capacity of dry powder fire trucks in China is 0.5 to 0.6 tons. The working principle of dry powder fire trucks is relatively simple. Manual valve control is used mostly to reduce misoperation. At present, dry powder fire trucks equipped with fire brigade in China are mainly gas storage dry powder fire trucks.
With regard to the development trend of dry powder fire trucks in the future, the remaining amount of dry powder in the car will gradually decrease, and computer control systems will be added in appropriate places.
Gas fire truck
Gas fire truck is a type of fire engine using carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen as extinguishing agent. It is mainly used to extinguish valuable equipment, precision instruments, electrical equipment (high voltage electrical equipment), important cultural relics and book archives, and small-area flammable liquids or fusible Solid material fires can also save general material fires.
In gas fire engines, CO2 fire engines occupy a major market. In contrast, liquid nitrogen fire engines emerge later and cost more, but are lower than foam fire engines. In terms of use, CO2 fire engines and liquid nitrogen fire engines can replace each other.
Vortex fire truck
The vortex fire truck was a new type of product that was invented at the end of the last century. This kind of fire truck is equipped with an aviation-grade turbine jet engine and uses high-speed airflow to push fire extinguishing agents to achieve the purpose of extinguishing the fire. Vortex fire engines can effectively control fires and are used primarily for fighting difficult fires, such as oil fields, petrochemical plants, natural gas pumping stations, and airports.
The vortex fire truck is the largest branch of firepower in the fire engine. Its engine power and vehicle weight ratio can reach 160kW/t, which is more than 5 times that of conventional fire engines.
According to different fire extinguishing agents, vortex fire engines can be divided into water type, foam type, dry powder type and multi-phase flow type. The high-speed “exhaust-fog water†jet of a vortex firefighting engine can cut and destroy the flame. The water in the mist can quickly absorb the heat of the fire and disperse the oxygen near the flame to increase its extinguishing efficiency.
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