Lead zinc Mengzi Mining and Metallurgy Co., Ltd. white cow MINE ore containing 0.25% tin, computing processing plant if the two-year deal with 1.2 million t ore, tin metal amount 3000t. At present, the beneficiation uses a re-election method to recover tin, and the recovery rate is about 20%. If the tin recovery rate is increased by 1%, 30t of tin metal can be recycled. According to the current tin market price of 160,000/t, the value created is 4.8 million yuan. In this paper, the floating tin study was carried out on the magnetic separation tailings in the lead-zinc flotation process of Bai Niuchang mining area of ​​Mengzi Mining and Metallurgy Co., Ltd.
First, the nature of the ore
Ore samples taken from two Mengzi Mining Co., Ltd. Zinc selected from sulfur mixed floating tailings demagnetized by microscopic identification, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy, magnetic metal sulfides tailings pyrite and pyrrhotite most, iron sphalerite, galena, marcasite, occasionally yellow copper ore, followed by calcite, dolomite, and a small amount of mica, chlorite. The tin mineral content is low, and the non-metallic minerals are mainly quartz and siderite.
The multi-element chemical analysis of magnetic separation tailings is shown in Table 1. The particle size composition of tailings and the distribution of tin and sulfur in each grade are shown in Table 2. According to mineralogy identification, the monomer dissociation degree of tin is 63.25%, and the crystal grain size is fine, generally between 0.01 and 0.03 mm.
Table 1 Multi-element analysis (mass fraction) /% of magnetic separation tailings
Sn | Pb | Zn | Fe | Sb | S | As |
0.29 | 0.50 | 0.69 | 14.81 | 0.15 | 9.17 | 0.79 |
SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | CaO | MnO | MgO | Ag 1 ) | In 1 ) |
37.46 | 6.88 | 21.67 | 2.21 | 2.76 | 50 | 35 |
1) The unit is g/t.
Table 2 Analysis of tailings particle size and analysis of tin monomer dissociation degree
Size/mm | Yield/% | grade/% | Distribution rate /% | Tin monomer content /% | Tin contiguous body content /% | ||
Sn | S | Sn | S | ||||
+0.2 -0.2+0.15 -0.15+0.1 -0.1+0.074 -0.074+0.045 -0.045 total | 9.61 29.44 15.06 4.66 16.95 24.28 100.00 | 0.089 0.15 0.24 0.34 0.59 0.42 0.31 | 2.52 6.32 13.74 13.02 12.02 9.29 9.07 | 2.79 14.40 11.79 5.16 32.60 33.26 100.00 | 2.67 20.51 22.82 6.69 22.46 24.87 100.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 44.44 83.02 100 63.25 | 100 100 100 56.56 16.98 100 36.74 |
It can be seen from the results in Table 2 that the coarser the grade of the ore, the lower the tin grade, and the tin is mainly concentrated in the fine fraction. Due to the low grade (0.12%) of +0.15mm grade grade tin, it can be tailed directly. The monomer solution of tin is 63.25%, the coarse-grain minerals (+0.1mm) are all continuous bodies, and no monomer is seen; the fine-grained minerals have been completely dissociated. The distribution ratio of -0.045mm grain-level tin metal (33.26%) is large, and this part of the grade-level tin mineral is difficult to recycle using a shaker.
   Second, flotation test
The use of re-election to recover tin at the site is not satisfactory. The tin has a fine grain size and low recovery rate with a shaker. This experiment uses a flotation method to recover tin minerals. It is known from the nature of the ore that the coarse-grain tin of +0.1mm is a continuous body. This part of the yield accounts for 54.11%. Due to the limitation of the site conditions, no re-grinding is considered, and the tail is directly discarded after classification. -0.1mm coarse desulfurization and then float tin. The ore has a high sulfur content (9.07%), and the -0.1mm grain grade sulfur grade is higher (10.68%). The sulfur must be removed before the tin is floated.
(1) Desulfurization test
If the sulfur is not cleaned before the floating tin, most of the sulfur will enter the tin concentrate during the floating tin, which consumes a large amount of chemicals and seriously affects the grade of the tin concentrate. Since sulfur is present in the form of pyrite and pyrrhotite in the treatment process, it is strongly inhibited during the lead-zinc flotation process. In the desulfurization test, sulfuric acid is used to remove the drug, and the pH of the slurry is adjusted. Therefore, in the desulfurization test, the amount of sulfuric acid significantly affects the sulfur removal effect. The desulfurization test gives 1600g of ore, and uses 3L flotation machine for desulfurization. After a coarse and two sweeps, the test flow is shown in Figure 1. The results are shown in Table 3.
Figure 1 Desulfurization test procedure
Table 3 Desulfurization test results
Sulfuric acid dosage / (g · t -1 ) | product name | Yield/% | grade/% | Metal distribution rate /% | ||
Sn | S | Sn | S | |||
2000 | +0.15mm size Sulfur concentrate Tailings total | 40.12 31.00 28.88 100 | 0.12 0.17 0.63 0.28 | 5.33 20.56 2.16 9.14 | 17.02 18.64 64.34 100.00 | 23.41 69.77 6.83 100.00 |
3000 | +0.15mm size Sulfur concentrate Tailings total | 40.12 31.76 28.12 100 | 0.12 0.17 0.63 0.28 | 5.33 20.11 1.77 9.02 | 17.24 19.33 63.43 100.00 | 23.70 70.78 5.52 100.00 |
5000 | +0.15mm size Sulfur concentrate Tailings total | 40.12 33.00 26.88 100 | 0.12 0.19 0.64 0.28 | 5.33 20.56 1.67 9.37 | 17.02 22.17 60.82 100.00 | 22.82 72.39 4.79 100.00 |
It can be seen from the results in Table 3 that the sulfur content in the tailings is relatively high, mainly because some of the sulfur is a continuous body, and no monomer dissociates. When the amount of sulfuric acid is 3000g/t, the effect is relatively good. The distribution rate of tin metal in sulfur concentrate is 19.33%, the distribution rate of tin metal in tailings is 63.43%, and the effect of desulfurization is better when the amount of sulfuric acid is 5000g/t, but sulfur concentrate The distribution of tin metal is large. Therefore, the next step is to test the amount of desulfurized sulfuric acid to 3000g / t.
The closed-circuit test of desulfurization was carried out on the basis of the open circuit test. The test flow is shown in Figure 2, and the test results are shown in Table 4.
Figure 2 Desulfurization closed circuit test process
Table 4 Desulfurization closed circuit test results
product name | Yield/% | grade/% | Recovery rate/% | ||
Sn | S | Sn | S | ||
+0.15mm size Sulfur concentrate Tailings total | 41.51 17.14 41.35 100.00 | 0.12 0.17 0.54 0.30 | 5.46 34.76 1.74 8.94 | 16.38 9.59 74.03 100.00 | 25.34 66.63 8.03 100.00 |
It can be seen from Table 4 that the tin grade in the tailings after desulfurization is 0.54% and the sulfur grade is 1.74%.
(2) A floating tin closed circuit test
The grain size of the ore tin is fine (-0.045mm grain size accounts for 33.26%), and the content of easy-floating gangue is high, especially the silicate gangue with similar buoyancy and cassiterite content is high, using sodium carbonate and BY-5 ( The main component is lignin, which is used as a suppressant. BY-9 (the main component is salicyl hydroxamic acid) is used as a collector, and P86 is used as an auxiliary collector to achieve selective dispersion and inhibition of gangue, and to improve the surface properties of the flotation slurry. , creating good conditions for floating tin. According to the open circuit test conditions, the amount of BY-5 is 100g/t, the amount of BY-9 is 1000g/t, and the amount of P86 is 100g/t. The closed circuit test is carried out. The test procedure is shown in Figure 3. The test results are shown in Table 5.
Figure 3 A section of floating tin closed circuit test
Table 5 Results of a floating tin closed circuit test
product | Yield/% | grade/% | Recovery rate/% | ||
Sn | S | Sn | S | ||
Tin coarse concentrate Tailings total | 5.25 94.75 100.00 | 8.56 0.1 0.54 | 0.79 1.79 1.74 | 83.22 16.78 100.00 | 2.38 97.62 100.00 |
The results of a floating tin closed circuit test show that after three times of selection, the yield of tin coarse concentrate is 5.25%, the crude tin grade is 8.56%, the recovery rate is 83.22%, and the sulfur concentrate contains 0.79% sulfur.
(3) Once the floating tin coarse concentrate re-floats
Once the tin-rich coarse concentrate contains 8.56% of tin, it needs to be re-enriched to obtain qualified concentrate products. According to the previous work, the second enrichment can be done by re-election method or flotation method. The coarse concentrate is floated again using BY-9 and BY-5 and added directly to the flotation cell. Since the amount of primary flotation concentrate used for the refining of the tin concentrate is not enough, the previously obtained tin concentrate is collected and the integrated tin grade is 7.79%. The float tin concentrate was floated according to the flow shown in Figure 4. The results are shown in Table 6.
Figure 4 closed circuit test process
Table 6 Results of the floating test of tin coarse concentrate
product | Yield/% | Sn grade /% | Sn recovery rate /% |
Tin concentrate Tailings total | 13 87 100 | 53.58 1.84 8.56 | 81.35 18.65 100.00 |
It can be seen from the results in Table 6 that the tin concentrate is re-floated, and the tin concentrate is 53.58%, the recovery rate is 81.35%, the tailings tin content is 1.84%, and the recovery rate is 18.65%. The recovery rate of a section of floating tin-tin concentrate is 61.61%. The recovery rate of tin from high-grade tin concentrate was 50.12%, and the tin recovery rate of tailings was 11.49%.
 Third, the conclusion
(1) The magnetic separation tailings in the lead-zinc flotation process of the Bainiuchang mining area of ​​Mengzi Mining and Metallurgical Co., Ltd. contain 0.29% tin, 9.17% sulfur, and a monomer dissociation degree of 63.25, +0.1mm grain-level tin. It is a continuous body, the fine-grained tin is basically dissociated, the distribution ratio of -0.045mm grain-level tin metal is 33.26%, which accounts for a large proportion, and the recovery rate of the shaker on site is low. This experiment adopts a flotation scheme.
(2) A tin tin concentrate with a tin grade of 8.56%, a sulfur content of 0.79% and a recovery rate of 83.22%. The crude concentrate of tin is low in grade and needs to be floated again. The coarse concentrate of tin is directly added to the solid agent to obtain 53.58% of tin in high-grade tin concentrate, the recovery rate is 81.35%, the tin content of tailings is 1.84%, and the recovery rate is 18.65%. . The recovery rate of a section of floating tin-tin concentrate is 61.61%. The recovery rate of tin from high-grade tin concentrate obtained by two float tin is 50.12%, and the tin recovery of tailings is 11.49%.
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