This year's National Day holiday is the 9th holiday of the nation’s toll highways to implement a policy of free passage of 7 small passenger cars. Yesterday afternoon, relevant units of the Jiangsu Expressway Network Operation and Management Co., Ltd. jointly announced the free passage of minibuses on the National Day Expressway in our province this year. The free time is from 0:00 on October 1 to 24:00 on the 7th. Jiangyin Bridge, Sutong Bridge, and Nanjing Second Bridge will be the most congested river crossings. Citizens need to prepare in advance for travel and have the conditions to go around as much as possible.
The free time will be between 0:00 on October 1 and 24:00 on the 7th. The free time calculation is based on the time the vehicle leaves the freeway exit toll gate. At zero hour on October 8, normal fees will be resumed. When the toll gates of the expressway are opened to the toll gates and all vehicles to be paid exceed 200 meters, all vehicles will be released free of charge. The free traffic policy is still implemented for the vehicles and vehicles legally loaded with fresh agricultural products.
The free transition period ensures a smooth transition between the normal charging mode and the free mode, and a 5-hour transition period is set at the critical point between the free time period and the normal charge recovery.
Starting at 20:00 on September 30th, the toll gates will issue temporary access cards to small passenger cars, and those who leave the expressway before 24:00 will be charged actual tolls.
Starting at 00:00 on the 1st of October, minibuses are required to hand in temporary access or pass cards at the export toll booths, free of tolls and free passage.
Starting at 7:00 on October 7th, minibuses must receive a temporary pass at the entrance toll booths. Free tolls and free tolls are required to leave the freeway within the free time.
From 00:00 to 1:00 on October 8th, the minibus with a temporary access card will only need to pay the minimum starting price of the road network at the exit of each toll station (for the departure from the main line station of Nanjing Third Bridge and the exit of Dongyin Road of Jiangyin Bridge). The vehicle will be subject to a toll fee.) The vehicle holding the access card will be charged a toll in accordance with normal charges.
After 1:00 on October 8, the toll station exit will normally charge a toll fee for a small passenger vehicle that holds a pass card or a temporary pass card. From 8:00 onwards, each toll station will stop receiving temporary access cards.
Fixed tube heat exchanger consists of tube bundle, tube plate, shell, head, folded plate, etc. Tube bundle ends fixed in the tube plate, the tube can be expanded (the inner hole of the tube with mechanical expansion, so that the tube wall from the inward to outward extrusion and fixed in the tube plate) or welded to the tube plate. The tube bundle is placed within the tube shell, with headers and flanges fixed at both ends. In this way, one fluid flows from the inside of the tube and the other from the outside. The space between the two heads and the tube plate is used to distribute or collect the fluids inside the tube. The two fluids do not mix with each other, but only exchange heat through the tube wall.
Advantages: simple and compact structure, high pressure resistance, low cost and easy to clean the tube side.
Disadvantages: Risk of blockage when the tube is damaged or needs to be replaced.
When the difference between the wall temperature of the tube bundle and the shell or the coefficient of linear expansion of the material is large, a large thermal stress will be generated in the shell and the tube bundle. A flexible compensation ring (also called expansion joint) should be installed on the shell to reduce the thermal stress.
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