In the course of certain use of water, if the use value is lost, the water is called waste water. The basic cause of the loss of water use is the presence of pollutants in the water. Most of the pollutants are transferred from the use environment to the wastewater: but there are also very few wastewaters that are converted from water by external factors such as heat and radiation.
Within the scope of the mine, waste water discharged from the site mining production sites, mineral processing plant, tailings dam, field platoon with disabilities and living areas, collectively referred to as mine drainage. Since mine wastewater emissions, persistent strong, and which contains a large amount of heavy metal ions, acids and bases, suspended solids, mineral various agents when applied, in particular even mine wastewater containing radioactive material and the like, and therefore The pollution of mine wastewater in the process of efflux is particularly serious, and its pollution characteristics are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. The discharge of mine wastewater is large and lasts for a long time.
In general, the discharge of mine wastewater is quite large and its duration will be longer. In the production process of mines, the discharge of wastewater from the concentrator is particularly alarming. For example, the discharge of the original ore wastewater from the flotation process is generally about 3.5-4.5t; the flotation-magnetic separation process treats the original ore, and the wastewater discharge It is 6-9t; 1t when the processing raw copper ore flotation a gravity separation, which waste water of up 27-30t. In the United States, the Yalita copper- molybdenum mine and the flotation method are used to treat the original ore 0.85 mt. If the return water is not considered, the daily discharge of tailings wastewater is about 3.4X10E5t. Underground mining, especially coal mining water, allowing water to fill sand irresolute Mining Law mining, wastewater volume is large. According to statistics, if you do not consider the use of recycled water, the amount of wastewater discharged per meter of ore is about 1 square meter. After some mines are closed, a large amount of wastewater will continue to pollute the mining environment.
Second, the mine wastewater pollution is difficult, affecting a wide area
The pollution caused by mine wastewater is not limited to the mining area itself, and its color range is far wider than that of the mining area. For example, Japan Foot Steel Mine. As the mine wastewater flows out of the mining area, the people are crossing the Liangzhu River, and flooding has occurred, causing the mine's wastewater to be suffocated.
3. The composition of mine wastewater is complex and the concentration is extremely unstable.
The chemical composition of harmful substances in mine wastewater is complex and the content changes greatly. For example, the wastewater in the concentrator contains a variety of chemicals, which are caused by the use of a large variety of surfactants and a wide variety of other chemicals. Among the mineral processing chemicals, some chemical agents are highly toxic substances (such as cyanide), and some chemical agents are not very toxic, but when used in large amounts, they may cause ringworm pollution, such as the use of various types of collectors and foaming agents. Such as surface active substances, the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the wastewater will increase rapidly, causing the wastewater to be odorous; the use of sodium sulfide in large quantities will increase the concentration of sulfur ions; Alkaline conditioning agent will make the pH of mine wastewater exceed the discharge standard.
In short, the chemical composition, the concentration and the degree of damage in the wastewater are also different when the variety of chemical agents added during the beneficiation is different.
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