Single tool multiple workpiece origin When the part is complex or has multiple identical structures, in order to facilitate programming calculation, multiple program origins are often selected on the part or multi-origin programming can be selected when multiple identical parts are processed in one setup. For the programming of multiple program origins, you can use multiple G92 to define the workpiece coordinate system. You can also use G54~G59 to select the origin of the conversion program. You can even mix G92 and G54.
Due to the size of the structure and the installation, the tool points will not coincide at the machining start position after the tools are installed on the machine, as shown in points A and B. Although the position of the workpiece origin OW is fixed, the tool position of each tool reaching the workpiece OW is different, so it is not easy to program in a coordinate system.
The machining coordinate system uses the T command to establish the machining coordinate system of each tool. In the production practice of the CNC lathe, the trial cutting method is used to perform the tool setting, and the tool offset compensation command (T command) is used to establish the machining coordinate system of each tool. The so-called tool offset refers to the directional distance of the workpiece origin relative to each tool point on the tool post working position when the machine tool returns to the machine origin. For example, the offset value of T01 is X=-300 (diameter programming), Z=-260; the offset value of T02 is X=-250, Z=-300. Before machining, try to cut the workpiece with T01, T02 respectively. The outer circle and the end face, and the measured trial value is input, the numerical control system will automatically calculate the offset value of each tool and store it in the corresponding offset compensation register.
The compensation function of the tool during programming is specified by the T code, such as T0101. The following four digits indicate the selected tool number and the tool offset compensation register number. For convenience, the tool number and offset are usually taken in the T code command. The compensation register number is the same.
For example, use the T command to program: N05T0101; change the T01 tool and call the value in the 01 offset compensation register (X=-300, Z=-260); N20T0202 for the T02 knife and call the 02 offset compensation register. The value (X=-250, Z=-300); when the program is executed to the tool change command, the CNC system first takes out the offset value of the selected tool to compensate, establishes the machining coordinate system of the tool, and then performs machining. Each tool runs in its own machining coordinate system and is independent of each other. Use G54～G59 to establish the machining coordinate system such as parts for each tool. First, use 2 tools to tool the tool separately. Input: X-300Z-260 is stored in G54, X-250Z-300. is stored in G55.
Programming is: N05T01G54; change T01 knife and call G54 coordinate system; N20T02G55; change T02 knife and call G55 coordinate system; 2.4 multi-tool multi-workpiece origin for machining center with automatic tool changer, can be single workpiece origin or Is the multiple workpiece origin. Either way, we can set the machining coordinate system separately for each tool and model the G54 to G59 on the lathe. For T01 tool, input Z-132 into G54, T02 tool input Z-185.6 is stored in G55, workpiece zero offset in X-Y direction is the coordinate value of the actual tool setting position, and G41 is considered in the program. /G42 performs tool radius compensation.
The tool coordinate program is programmed as: N05G54T01; change the T01 tool and call the G54 coordinate system...; N20G55T02; change the T02 tool and call the G55 coordinate system; for the machining center with only the single workpiece origin, the machining coordinate system established by each tool is in the cutting plane. The inside is coincident, but the length of the tool is different. In addition to the above method, we can also use one of the tools as the reference tool for the tool. The other tools are only for the length direction. After calculating the difference in the size of the Z axis, the tool length compensation command (G43/G44) is used to program.
There are many numerical control programming methods for workpiece zero offset, which are also very flexible. The type of tool setting used by different types of CNC machine tools can be different. The NC programming method of workpiece zero offset can also be different, but the principle is the same. Only by profoundly understanding the connotation of each instruction can we apply it flexibly; only by using more and more practice can we be skilled and skillful.
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