A smelting furnace for enhanced production. The powdery material with a large surface area is sufficiently contacted with oxygen in the furnace to complete the controlled oxidation reaction of the sulfide at a high speed at a high temperature. The large amount of heat released by the reaction is supplied to the smelting process, and it is possible to achieve self-heating smelting using a material having a high sulfur content. The flash furnace has the characteristics of high productivity, low energy consumption, and high SO2 concentration in the flue gas. At present, flash furnaces are mainly used for smelting concentrates such as copper and nickel . Flash smelting is a smelting method that takes full advantage of the large active surface of finely ground materials and strengthens the smelting reaction process. This method is mainly used for making matte smelting copper and nickel sulphide ore (copper, nickel, cobalt metallurgy is an important step in the process of fire). The high desulfurization rate of flash smelting is beneficial to the recovery of sulfur dioxide, and the desulfurization rate of the smelting process can be controlled in a large range by controlling the amount of oxygen entering the furnace. The main disadvantage of flash smelting is that the slag contains more main metals and must be depleted for recycling. According to the furnace structure, it is divided into the Outokumpu type of Finland and the International Nickel Company (INCO) type. The former consists of a reaction tower, a sedimentation tank and an ascending flue. It has been adopted in many factories.
The reaction column is a cylinder upright on one end of the settling tank, chromium magnesium column wall brick, and a water jacket or water in the housing to protect the lining. The feed nozzle is mounted on top of the reaction tower and is vertically downward. The number of nozzles is determined by the size of the reaction column. There is usually only one small furnace and four large furnaces. The dried charge enters the nozzle inner tube, and the preheated air (or oxygen-enriched air) enters its outer tube (venturi type), and the two encounter and fully mix at the shrinkage of the outer tube, so that the charge enters the reaction tower in suspension. . The reaction column may be an auxiliary fuel oil, natural gas or pulverized coal. When oil is used, the oil pipe is inserted into the inner pipe of the feeding nozzle to spray the oil into the reaction tower, and the oil nozzle may be separately installed at the top of the reaction tower. When using natural gas, the natural gas pipe is introduced into the nozzle outer pipe. When using pulverized coal, it is premixed into the material.
The structure of the sedimentation tank is similar to that of the reverberatory furnace, with a vault or a suspended ceiling, and the bottom of the furnace is an inverted arch. In addition to high-quality refractory materials, the furnace wall of the slag line is also equipped with a copper water jacket to protect the furnace wall. The sedimentation tank is provided with a matte copper port, a slag port and an auxiliary combustion nozzle, which is used for replenishing heat or for opening the furnace.
The ascending flue is erected at the other end of the sedimentation tank to extract the flue gas. The flue exit is prone to nodules and usually has a combustion nozzle and a manhole door to eliminate nodules.
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